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| WAOW... Pria Yang Memiliki Tubuh Paling Tinggi di Dunia Ada di Negara ini.. |
Sebuah penelitian yang diterbitkan di dalam jurnal eLife ini, telah melacak tren pertumbuhan tinggi badan di 187 negara sejak 1914. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tinggi badan pria Iran dan perempuan Korea Selatan melesat, dengan tinggi badan rata-rata bertambah lebih dari 16 cm dan 20 cm. Di Inggris, tinggi badan kedua jenis kelamin ini sudah naik hampir secara paralel sekitar 11 cm. Para pria Inggris sekarang memiliki tinggi badan rata-rata 178 cm, dan kaum perempuannya memiliki tinggi badan rata-rata 164 cm.
Kondisi ini berbeda misalnya dengan para pria dan perempuan di AS, di mana tinggi badan warga negara ini mulai mencapai puncaknya di tahun 1960-an dan 1970-an. Selama berabad-abad, mereka telah melihat penambahan tinggi badan masing-masing dari mulai 6 cm dan 5 cm, secara berturut-turut.
Pada tahun 1914, Amerika Serikat pernah menempati peringkat tertinggi untuk pria dan wanita di planet ini masing-masing menempati posisi ketiga dan ke empat. Namun, kini peringkat mereka jatuh dan berada di posisi ke-37 dan ke-42.
Grafik tinggi badan sekarang ini benar-benar didominasi negara-negara Eropa, tetapi data menunjukkan bahwa tren pertumbuhan secara umum di negara Barat ini sebagian besar sudah dihitung rata-rata.
Sementara pria bertubuh dengan rata-rata tidak terlalu tinggi ada di Timor Leste dengan tinggi rata-rata 160 cm.
Sementara, berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan pada 1914 menunjukkan perempuan dengan postur terpendek berada di Guatemala. Menurut data survei, satu abad yang lalu rata-rata perempuan Guatemala usia 18 tahun memiliki tinggi badan 140 cm. Kini, tinggi badan mereka juga belum mencapai 150 cm.
Jumlah orang-orang dengan ukuran badan tinggi mengalami peningkatan terbesar di kawasan Asia Timur, seperti di Jepang, China dan Korea Selatan, yang jauh lebih tinggi dibanding 100 tahun yang lalu.
"Lain halnya dengan beberapa negara di belahan dunia ini, tinggi badan orang-orang yang tinggal di kawasan Asia Selatan (seperti India, Pakistan dan Bangladesh) dan Sub-Sahara Afrika tidak mengalami penambahan selama 100 tahun terakhir. Di sini tinggi badan orang-orang hanya bertambah antara 1-6 cm. Bahkan, di beberapa negara Sub-Sahara Afrika, rata-rata peringkat tinggi badan turun sejak tahun 1970-an" kata penulis laporan James Bentham dari Imperial College London.
Di negara-negara seperti Uganda dan Sierra Leone tinggi badan para pria hanya bertambah beberapa sentimeter saja dari ketinggian rata-rata manusia.
Beberapa variasi tentang tinggi badan di seluruh dunia dapat dijelaskan dengan genetika, namun para penulis dalam studi tersebut mengatakan DNA manusia tidak menjadi faktor dominan
Ketua tim peneliti, Majid Ezzati, juga dari Imperial College London, mengatakan kepada BBC News, "Sekitar sepertiga dari penjelasan bisa jadi gen, tapi itu tidak menjelaskan perubahan dari waktu ke waktu. Gen tidak berubah secepat itu dan mereka tidak banyak variasinya di seluruh dunia. Jadi perubahan dari waktu ke waktu dan variasi di seluruh dunia sebagian besar dipengaruhi lingkungan. Itu pada tingkat populasi keseluruhan dibandingkan untuk setiap individu yang gennya memiliki banyak masalah. Standar kesehatan yang baik, sanitasi, dan gizi merupakan pendorong utama, dan yang tak kalah penting adalah kesehatan dan gizi ibu selama masa kehamilan"
Penelitian lainnya menunjukkan bahwa tinggi badan berkorelasi dengan akibat positif dan negatif. Orang-orang tinggi cenderung memiliki harapan hidup lebih lama, dengan penurunan risiko penyakit jantung. Di sisi lain, ditemukan beberapa bukti mereka berisiko yang lebih besar terkena penyakit kanker tertentu, seperti kolorektal, payudara pascamenopause dan kanker ovarium.
"Salah satu hipotesis menyebutkan bahwa faktor pertumbuhan bisa meningkatkan mutasi sel-sel," kata penulis Imperial lainnya, Elio Riboli.
Penelitian eLife - A Century of Trends in Adult Human Height - dikumpulkan oleh NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, kelompok yang terdiri dari 800 ilmuwan, yang bekerja sama dengan Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO). Penelitian, yang didanai Wellcome Trust dan Grand Challenges Canada, disampaikan di Manchester dalam pertemuan dua tahunan EuroScience Open Forum.
Berikut adalah daftar negara-negara dengan pria tertinggi di tahun 2014:
1. Belanda
2. Belgia
3. Estonia
4. Latvia
5. Denmark
6. Bosnia-Herzegovina
7. Kroasia
8. Serbia
9. Islandia
10. Republik Ceko
Dan berikut negara-negara dengan perempuan tertinggi 2014
1. Latvia
2. Belanda
3. Estonia
4. Republik Ceko
5. Serbia
6. Slovakia
7. Denmark
8. Lithuania
9. Belarus
10. Ukraina
sumber : kompas
10 Easy Steps to Succeed in Your Online Classes
Congratulations Youve made up our minds to pursue your upper schooling, and doing so online is how to pass if you have an interest in a versatile, studentcentered educating manner. Studying online permits you to pursue different pursuits and attend to different responsibilities whilst nonetheless operating your method towards some extent. However, it will now and again imply that its clean to get distracted. Here are 10 clean steps to verify luck on your online categories.
- Connect together with your instructors once conceivable. Even in case you are doing smartly within the category, its extraordinarily vital to increase a rapport together with your trainer. When you do that early on, you temporarily understand what the priorities are within the route, what expectancies the professor has of you and youre going to be motivated to prevail, surer of whats forward and higher ready to do smartly with the impending subject material.
Valuable questions to invite your trainer come with the next
How versatile are you with time limits How versatile are you with grownup freshmen What applied sciences do you employ within the route How to be had are you through e mail and different sorts of verbal exchange How do you put up an internet neighborhood and what are the expectancies for participation in it In addition, since instructors are to be had to lend a hand all over the classes, its all the time just right to have had private touch with the trainer early on. This method, when you wish to have lend a hand, its more straightforward to achieve out and get the help you wish to have.
- Confirm the technical necessities of the route. Online categories can also be very advisable for college kids with busy schedules, however provided that they are able to simply get right of entry to the fabrics. It is vital to obviously perceive what the technical necessities are. So, ahead of the route begins or as quickly thereafter as conceivable, youll want to test that your pc will paintings with the entire online equipment, and that you understand how to navigate them. This will be sure that you dont must spend time all the way through the route attempting to determine the generation.
three. Create a time table and stick with it. Quality online instructors create classes which might be clean to navigate and feature transparent expectancies. Having that roughly easytodealwith framework in position will make learning and succeeding that a lot more straightforward. However, although the framework and necessities of your category arent as transparent, youll create a time table and construction, which is able to very much fortify your probabilities of luck within the route. Using equipment equivalent to Google Calendar is a good way to start out. Knowing how your weeks and months glance and scheduling blocks of analysis time for each and every activity or module will will let you stick with a time table.
four. Ask questionsall the time. When you dont perceive, ask questions. When you do perceive, ask additional questions. Instructors recognize scholars who take part, and if theres a participation or dialogue part a part of the grade, then asking high quality questions is helping guarantee your grade on this space. Even if there isnt a participation part, its all the time helpful to invite inquiries to remember to perceive the fabric and are transparent on what is needed of you.
five. Be arrangedand keep arranged. Students whore taking conventional, campusbased classes most often have a constant time table to observe each and every week, through which study room instruction is adopted through assignments out of doors the category. However, for online classes, scholars will have to search out their very own techniques to stick on most sensible in their paintings. It is crucial that you just be arranged from the start of the semester with the intention to achieve success in an internet route. For instance mark task due dates on your calendar, discover a submitting machine for each online subject material and bodily subject material that is helping you stay monitor of the whole lot simply, and shed light on find out about schedules that duvet sections of the route one by one so youve got an arranged tactic to protecting the semesters subject material as you pass alongside.
- Have a blank, quiet, and constant workspace. One factor online and inclass classes have in not unusual is that scholars all the time want a spot to review or whole assignments this is blank, quiet, and constant. You can select the place that is for youwhether or not its at a espresso store, a college library, a devoted place of business, or at house. Wherever you select to review and whole assignments, you must make it a constant location that doesnt have out of doors distractions. It is basically key that where is quiet and lets you focal point in your paintings with out distractions.
- Do no longer procrastinate. Successful distance freshmen hardly procrastinate. They dont do away with assignments or wait till the final second to write down their papers. Successful online scholars experience freedoms that come with operating at their very own tempo and the facility to finish their paintings in as a lot time because it takes them. On the opposite hand, they know that finishing their assignments is best performed early and on time cramming merely doesnt paintings, and it doesnt will let you retain knowledge longterm. Get began early on getting a success.
eight. Work in your studying comprehension. Successful distance freshmen generally tend to have just right studying comprehension abilities. Most conventional, campusbased scholars concentrate to lectures and take notes, and a few online classes additionally require this. However, the vast majority of distance freshmen are anticipated to grasp subject material thru a large amount of studying. Although far finding out classes be offering video recordings and audio clips, maximum systems require scholars to hide and grasp a considerable amount of written knowledge. If it is a problem for you, it could be very useful to first sign up in a studying comprehension route there are lots of assets online that will help you do that. This ability by myself could make a huge distinction on your luck.
nine. Establish and admire routines that be just right for you. If, for instance, youre employed best within the morning or in brief bursts, then set find out about routines that can help you find out about within the prelunch hours when your mind is contemporary. If, then again, you do best through learning at evening or at the weekends when youll devote nightowl hours or longer blocks in your learning, then make it some degree to take action. Consider how and whilst you paintings best, and enforce a find out about plan that respects the routines that be just right for you.
- Connect together with your friends. Establishing sturdy connections with friends and professors is a very powerful facet of tutorial luck, in addition to skilled development. One of essentially the most rewarding reports in schooling is finding out thru collaboration. Forming significant relationships together with your friends and professors can can help you be told extra, keep motivated, and feature an outlet to specific your personal working out of subject material. So, keep attached thru message forums, chat rooms, e mail, and different digital assets. And take note lots of the other people you meet in faculty shall be conceivable process assets down the road so determine connections and keep in contact
Florida National University gives a wealth of tutorial and professional online classes. Check out the entire choicesyour long run is ready